winter workshop Dec 2013

Hi Everyone,

just a quick update on our latest bonsai workshop. This was the 3rd time Peter Warren has travelled down to Cornwall to work with me and some friends on our trees. Each trip is roughly 6 months apart and some of the regular attendants are now seeing the early works starting to pay off as their trees recieved a better underlying structure and are now turning into decent trees with promising futures.

Day one was spent here, initially working on a few of our stock azaleas as he certainly has more satsuki experience than anyone I've met and I was eager to learn as much as possible in order to maintain and improve our personal and stock trees. Once they were done it was time to have some fun with the good trees. We have a very nice Zelkova that came from Kimura in japan and I have been weighing up the short and long term plans for the tree - the tree had a UK show outing as a summer image and went down very well with the people who saw it in the flesh so to speak. Some people believe Ramification is everything when it comes to a winter image deciduous tree and I already knew what stage this tree was at having defoliated in the summer - i must admit to becoming a little obsessed with the plan of creating super dense twig ramification over the next few years before the trees next public outing at a winter show, but luckily the thoughts were short lived - Peter has a habit of making simple statements that make sense and it reconfirmed my true feelings from the heart......a good deciduous tree can become great if it is totally balanced and appears completely natural. Over ramification is fake when seen up close, the tree looks forced and false with lots of ugly multiple shoots and lumpy bits.... With this in mind he set to work studying the trees structure from inside to out, removed several branches that were spare, removed lots of multiple shoots formed from previous years prunings and wired the best branches into the spaces left where the worst ones were removed from.



Watching and learning about the refinement stages of deciduous bonsai was brilliant - it all made total sense when you watch and listen - almost a grounding experience to remind you that a tree done properly is the only tree worth remembering for the right reasons



The next tree to come in for some work also came from the nursery of Kimura and is a product directly of his own hand - it begins with one of the rocks that are a form of natural soft stone, carved and fashioned by kimura (i think when you see the bonsai up close the rock is partly carved to take the intended tree as the match up is incredibly close - bordering on a perfect fit). The tree was selected in Japan summer 2012 and now, 18 months later it had become a lot more lush and in need of some thinning. It is a juniper planted on rock not in rock so the main roots are all in the pot. This makes for a more vigorous tree as there is more root room and since getting the tree from the QT area I had been removing the stronger growth tips virtually weekly. The original pads were now quite large and dense and i felt it made the tree look smaller than it could be so a week before I fine wired a fair bit of the tree. 



The wiring needed to be neat and sympathetic as the tree was requested and is being shown in the new year at a very professional exhibition so out came my finest copper wire and at the same time the jin and shari were seen to be quite green too, so these were scrubbed and rewashed with a very toned down lime sulphur. I like working with Peter the way we do because he asks questions, quizzes tree owners, makes us look at the material properly etc so you see what needs doing and then can work out why. Over the next few hours the tree had a bit of a restyle !! for the better too. The missing apex was created, the undecided direction was defined and the pads softened and restructured into more, smaller, interesting forms. This refining session was a joy to be part of as it showed how a tree ready to be styled for show looks when done, rather than a tree 5 years from ready being pushed too soon



the 'after pic'? not yet, after the show maybe   

Our final one to one tree was a Peter Adams styled pine in my collection that was bursting with health but was also too vigorous. I felt it was at the limit of width, density, 'lushness' etc so it was pruned back but done while maintaining shape as this was another tree that had reached mature show readiness. Here is a before pic, my tribute to an early UK bonsai pioneer



after pic will wait as the tree is due to be totally unwired, repotted, given a relaxed summer then wired back up in Autumn 2014. ....Patience again is the key to everything - the biggest mistake in bonsai is keeping every tree you own looking manicured all the time.

Day two was a small group open workshop at the bonsai@16 unit. Four attendants arrived bright and early with cars full of material for a great day of pruning, wiring, carving, assessing, wiring and styling. These days are great as so much can be learnt - even if you just bring pines it it better to listen when the tree being assessed is a juniper or other as you will take so much away from the day to then apply to the rest of your collection. We had scotts pine, black pine, white pine, juniper, larch, redwood, cedar so lots of variety and lots of information flow.







Thanks to all the guys for collectively traveling a lot of miles for the day, hopefully you enjoyed it as much as i did being the assistant   

Day three:
We travelled to a friend of mine for a one to one day assessing, styling and refining some of his mature bonsai collection. In contrast to the day before it was deciduous porn - beech, hornbeam, hawthorn, metasequoia, acer.....and a juniper ! lol.

Many of these trees were superb material ready to be given the point in the right direction to remove bits that were holding the trees ultimate quality back, and with lots of directional pruning they all have a planned structure to match their trunks and maturity. The owner wanted to move his best trees towards the standard needed for the best shows we have available to us and I think we are well on the way to that goal.

I was wiring assistant most of the day so not many pics !





"this wood is bloody hard"



Thats it for another few months......send me a message if you fancy coming to a summer one

cheers Marcus

Winter Watching

Here are a few films that caught my eye and once you watch one it opens up plenty of equally good links. A nice way to pass a few hours on these dark cold nights







Here is one of the Kimura Juniper rock plantings in our collection in the UK. There are a few articles both printed and online talking about the rocks and trying to guess their origins, are they real, are they man made, are they resin ? ....I think the tree below could be the only one of his rock plantings outside Japan and because it is in our garden it has allowed me to have a very close look at the rock structure from every angle.

The core of the rock is cellular - full of small irregular chambers - making it very light. There are smoother fused, almost melted areas too, and these are on the raised surfaces. The mosses, lichens and micro fauna are growing on the rough cellular parts while the smooth sections remain clean, making an unbelievably natural blend of textures. The rock core reminds me of coral inside,or old weathered bone when you see it broken open. I can't see that  it is totally man made as in a cement product mixed with sand and water, I think it is a type of weathered and then carved limestone or similar, potentially with another material randomly added to parts of the exterior.

What else has been going on ? It is December - UK winter, but still very mild here - most days are 9 or 10 deg C. The trees are dropping leaves, the conifers are looking happy, it has been a really good year for growing plants - slow start but then great light levels, low rainfall, stable temperatures. Here are a few of our larger stock trees and a few of our personal ones too.

Taxus Cuspidatta - great colour, you see so many poorly weak ones with yellowing foliage - feed, moisture levels and light levels all play an essential part

Zelkova - all the leaves taken off with tweezers, a little pruning still to do to shorten the outer shoots to a bud or two and to tighten up the silhouette a bit. We'll do a decent winter image picture of this one soon as I heard 3rd hand it didn't have any ramification ! lol. got to laugh sometimes.

Scotts Pine - Beauvonensis. This tree is a bit special as it received its first real styling and was put on the bonsai path at a workshop with the original owner and the late Peter Adams. We have the tree and some prints of pencil sketches and a colour drawing of the tree done by Peter. 

rip..

It has taken the black pine 2 years to change from yellow/green needles to happier green needles....hindsight is a great thing - I styled the tree straight after buying it, then when repotting 4 months later realised that the wet compost based or at least compacted core soil held hardly any roots. The first soil mix I used was not right either - too many varied particle sizes, bark chips, unproven ingredients 1....the tree was lime green, then faded to yellowy green over 6 months so I repotted again - not one new root tip was visible either !! We fed our fertiliser formulation from March until Sept, did not needle pluck or candle cut and now only one small weak branch remains. 

Phew....lesson learnt - dont dive in and fully style a tree of unknown strength

The large slanting juniper has been allowed to grow and relax - junipers need foliage to gain strength and this tree needed lots of new inner shoots to let us build nice new foliage pads from. Maintenance has been just removing the individual long shoots and piling in the feed - baskets still on...junipers are still slowly growing here

The  Chinese Elm - been with me 25 years now, its come one quite a long way from the imported pom pom tree

The rigida - happy with this one too - foliage mass has doubled, branches have thickened, the wire needs to come off in some places already. Good colour all over the tree, plenty of density, such a hungry tree, after a decade or 2 of starvation it cant eat enough now. 

Quite a simple care plan

• let the tree flush out 
• cut off all but 1 or 2 mm of the current growth
• let it bud out again
• pinch this 2nd growth off from all strong and medium areas
• keep the weak 2nd growth and all growth that comes from the 3rd flush of buds
• feed, feed, feed, water, water, water, do not treat them like junipers !! 

Here you can see the lowest branches retaining longer growth to add bulk and strength

Hinoki - the tree desperately wanted to go back in its larger pot after being at Noelanders and Best of British. 2 shows 5 months apart is just about ok for a strong healthy tree but it sets them back a bit. Looking great now though, I've let the tree keep a fair bit of new foliage so it recovers inner strength. Next year will be hard pinching to keep the foliage compact and keep the light penetration high.

I don't have a Norwegian bonsai yet ;-)


And to finish

when life impregnates art

"When life impregnates Art" was an amazing T shirt I bought at Mambo Headquarters in Sydney Australia a very long time ago.......it was true Mambo - Original art by Reg Mombassa,  risque for the time - the mambo dog dry humping the statue of Micheal Angelo........I wore it to the point of disintegration so must have got 10 yrs out of it...now i know the final burial should have been in a frame to depict ten years of my traveling surfing beach based life, but the memory of the T shirt lives on so all is good...................

........leap forward 24 years and the title has finally found an equally fitting scenario - A brave and very personal exhibition by my friend Peter has been staged this week in London under the title Natural Flux at the Brick Lane Gallery. It is a collaboration of bonsai art from Peters own trees combined with ceramic art from several artists, with a sprinkle of sculpture, some very high class photography and a jaw dropping pencil drawing - then you add in wood work, forging, smithing, printing and plinth construction to finally produce a finished exhibition!

I drove up from Cornwall with an open mind, setting off at 3.30am, completing a little bonsai@16  stock buying on the way to finally walk in mid morning. I purposely brought no camera - the true essence of the show for me was to appreciated it in real life, 3D, not a frozen image depicting 500th of a second from a supposed 'front', and I didn't want to reduce the real art to a small selection of low res internet images. Also I feel the people who go for real deserve the experience first hand but a blog with no pics is a bit too much like hard work for some so I've pinched a few pictures from other web sources.

Fine Art has universal acceptance from a wide audience

 

Bonsai has a somewhat mysterious, secretive, even insular image - within the hobby we feel it is artistic but the public perception is far closer to 'strange gardening practices' than understandable artwork. Why? I think it is the sometimes stuck in a rut slavish way we feel we have to style the tree, pot the tree, display the tree in a set way, in a set place.......following rules that work within our (bonsai) world but mean nothing to the wider audience. Take a sharp intake of breath now ......potentially, if not done very well a traditional bonsai in a traditional correct pot can appear quite boring to someone hoping to see an artform. Natural flux has taken publicly accepted art - (the ceramics, sculpture, photography) - and married it with a lovely collection of bonsai trees - none macho, few commonly seen in our UK scene, and placed them in the heart of an area that really appreciates true art for its uniqueness - I probably spent 4 or 5 hours absorbing the two rooms and revisiting the displays - there were some instantly impressive pieces - the larger, brighter, more intricate artworks, but they actually lacked 'calmness' and I found myself revisiting the simple trees, the clever and balanced pot/tree combinations more often.

Sitting here now I can still see the displays in my minds eye, the curved pot with very simple young beech sapling remains clearly in mind, the Sessile Oak in a Jo Woffinden concrete pot was so balanced and natural I have bought it for our collection here in Cornwall. The subtle details - variation in soil surface, the tree is slightly off center but OMG it is on the 'wrong' side of the pot to get the purists turning in their forthcoming graves, the bark is superb in such a small tree that it needed the power of textured concrete to equal it. Imagine this tree in delicate fluid porcelain - it wouldn't work ....the Oak is the solid strong backbone of everything that is British so the composition is truly balanced



The distinct contrast in ceramic choice has left a profound impression - Claire Wakefields work was detailed, fluid, organic and was easy to 'see' . I feel this piece makes bonsai art appreciation easy for the wide audience - it's coastal, wave battered and a lovely combination of rosemary and ceramic

Then we come to a far more subtle combination - using concrete Jo Woffinden has created pots you want to pick up, rub, touch.....the concrete pots are robust and powerfull in contrast to the delicate nature of the one above

Here we have a 'traditional' one - a lovely juniper, an antique pear skin pot, but displayed and viewed from the trees best front - not the pots front. We had a really interesting chat about the physical restraints that the material tree may impose on us - sometimes the roots and buried trunk sections on wild material will not fit into a pot at the angle we want it to. There are options like use the wrong pot so it fits in, use a 2nd best viewing angle for the tree so it can be viewed from the traditional pot front.....but then the question is why ? the right tree, the right pot,who says if it is right or wrong to view is off center 

An excellent exhibition - it worked on every level and has shown a different view of bonsai that actually has achieved wider appeal than formal rows of trees on tables with cloth backdrops. The beauty of our hobby is that there is a place for both types of exhibition - but I think for one artistic individual to showcase their trees this show wins hands down. I hope there is another, I hope there is a book, I'm so glad I made the effort to attend the first one and it was great to meet and chat with a few like minded people - it was a refreshing day that restored my faith in part of our bonsai scene

The art of noise - moments in love

it's in there somewhere

This tree was dropped round recently by a customer for a complete styling session. It is a quite unusual 5 trunk juniper group formed many years ago so the trunks are all well fused together now but as you can see the foliage has remained basically unstyled. The tree has been kept very healthy and the foliage has been kept nice and compact by nipping off all the strong extension shoots but doing nothing but this results in the pom pom type foliage blobs forming over time.

Here is the tree with its current front as it was dropped off

first impressions - 1) you cant tell there are 5 trunks, 2) the apex is behind the center point

This is the current back of the tree

All the foliage masses were thinned out and wired, then they were broken up into smaller elements. One guy wire was needed to move the 5th trunk into view and here is the result of the first styling.

It is very important not to massively reduce foliage on junipers in one hit so the new smaller pads retain a reasonable amount of green bits. Now we can see it is a 5 trunk tree and the trunk movement is nicely exposed.

There is one more sitting of fine wiring to do in the future but for now the tree can rest

Fingers crossed............and toes

Well the gale of the decade is about to descend on us.........westerly 80mph winds hitting in the middle of the night with 6cm of rain in the first 3 hrs. Today was spent in the garden moving all the trees onto the ground and under the benches, all the shohin have been put in crates in the lee of the house and all the potted non bonsai plants have been gathered together tucked up by the back door.





we considered taking down all the shade netting but decided to leave it up and test out the structure. if it blows down i'd be in the same position anyway.......needing to put it all up again ! but if it survives this it will survive anything. Only 2 trees remain on the bench the cuspidatta and the very large white pine - both weigh over 45-50kg and are hard enough to move by hand let alone by wind. Hopefully all friends and customers have been able to protect their trees in readiness.

Yesterday I took an hour to tidy the firethorn - brushing moss from the aged bark and using tweezers to remove any yellow leaves from the interior of the tree and the soil surface. This year the tree was pruned quite hard all over so flowers and berries are minimal but this ensures a bumper crop for next year and a potentially stunning winter image for 2014/15.

This beautiful tree has been grown and styled by Nobuichi Urushibata at Taisho en nursery in Japan and was hand picked by a friend as part of the shipment of incredibly high quality trees that came into the Uk this year. Fortunately we not only have this tree available for sale but the Kimura broom Zelkova and a very very special Kimura Juniper rock planting - probably the only one in existence outside Japan. I'm both proud and honoured to have these special trees here to offer for sale, to enjoy with customers and visitors, and most importantly to share at various exhibitions.


The Broom - displayed at the NEC as the winning 'Best in Show' & 'Best in Class' tree. The tree was part of a 50 strong exhibit that also won an RHS Gold with a perfect 100% score - something that the RHS haven't done for bonsai very often.

Here is our juniper rock planting at the nursery in June 2012 with M. Kimura before it was shipped to the UK in the forthcoming winter.

The 3 trees are all very special and totally unique and are available to supply to serious discerning bonsai enthusiasts

 

We have a long term (10yr+) plan here to source, maintain and supply some of the finest specimen trees we can, along with keeping up our stocks of hand picked imported Japanese trees in all price brackets. These trees are just the beginning of that plan.

hope everyone (and their trees) stay safe over the next 24 hrs

Final Touches

Following on from the last post I spent a while looking at the final picture and knew a few tweaks were needed - the crown of the minor trunk was a long way back and did not really match up with the main one - it needed to be brought forward quite a long way, reshaped to a more mature rounded shape and the biggest thing I needed to sort was the fact the lowest branch and foliage pad needed to come from the minor trunk - a bit of a golden rule for a twin trunk bonsai.

The reworking of the minor trunk was understandable when I thought about it as it had been styled nearly a year ago when I was approaching the job with a totally different outlook. When I bought the tree home I thought I would be fine wiring every tiny shoot and twig to make it look 'finished and ready for show' straight away ! The learning curve of the past year has been nearly vertical and was perfectly reflected in this tree - hence needing to revisit the early branches and do them properly

  Over the last 12 months my bonsai outlook has changed a lot - just by going to several large bonsai shows you can spot the newly styled trees straight away and to be honest they usually look very disappointing, and upon reflection I now look at these 'just wired' trees and think what a shame they are debut way too soon. I feel they reflect the wrong type of impatience in bonsai, almost a desperation - any tree truly mature and beautifully refined has a valid place on a show bench as these are the trees to inspire us all to keep trying hard and to never stop learning.

The crown was guy wired to bring it forward a lot and the branches shortened and layered properly rather than snaked up to look like full pads. There are a few conifers doing the show circuit rounds here that have a perfect outer image with a birds nest of snaked and crossed branches hidden underneath...they are half the tree they could be and viewers with a good eye see it once up close.... One of the branches was re-positioned nice and low to give me the important first pad and now it is time to let the tree rest and develop the 3 dimensional pads from the back buds

Taking the slow patient route with the foliage and being in a rush to do the dead wood seems silly so I only keep a hand carving gouge and a pair of fine pliers nearby. I'm not going to start preaching all purist that machine carving is crap (even though often it is - even done well it can so easily look like a cartoon bonsai). I now limit machines to hollowing out as this is what they do best - the surface texture of naturally weathered deadwood is unique - the cracks are random in width, random in depth and the prized cork like texture is made up of cracks going in every direction. Machines and even scalpels make repetitive marks that are too similar - like a pen, hence my comment that they look cartoon like. I hollowed the lower root, a few of the thicker branches and the soft inner rotted wood fiber with the dremmel but tried to avoid touching the surface wood too much. Then the wood was fired with a blow torch and different wire brushes  -  stainless steel for the serious deep scrubbing and copper for the finer work. The blow torch is a great tool - it needs to be turned down low and the trick is to alternate between dry wood and wet wood, yet again keep revisiting the work on different days and don't fall into the instant "I can do the deadwood in 6 hrs mentality"........we are trying to make a convincing image of wood aged over decades or even centuries so set aside some time to do a good, slow and thoughtful job.

Here is the lower trunk section burnt & brushed 6 or 7 times - burning wet wood makes it shrink and crack more while actually removing very little wood. Burning dry wood gets is smoldering and removes the summer growth rings from within the winter ones. Eventually you must stop and let the weather take over to get a true finish - we have helped nature but you can see the actual surface is not faked with scratches as they are a very poor imitation of what we really want to see - it looks quite smooth now but yew will crack into a fantastic finish over the coming years without any more man made help.

I use the gouge to raise small wood fibres now and again and the pliers to peel them off - this gives far better hollows that really do follow the true grain of the tree and add some depth and interest to some of the newly cut branches. The lime sulphar is only one week old so still looking bright and new but winter is very close now so the silver gray we desire will form on those cold frosty nights ahead. 

The pads now will spend the coming years filling out while the wood weathers - next spring the growth will be explosive as the tree was repotted this year so has needed to recover from root pruning, wiring and hard pruning in 2013. Cuspidata seems to like it here - the feeding, climate and water quality have ensured the tree has maintained good colour and has made many new buds. I see a few trees that are very yellow/green and weak occasionally and if you get a tree like this don't be tempted to style it until the colour has returned to pure deep dark green - this is when the tree is showing maximum strength and will cope with a hard year or two of styling.

As the rain was well and truly set in today I unpacked two boxes of custom pots that Gordon Hunt dropped up to the shop. I had asked him for some juniper pots to suit the stock trees I'd styled that were still sat in training pots and he did me proud - nice natural colours and pots of a size that allowed a nice gentle Autumn repot without major root disturbance.

And one final pot deserved the pick of the bunch of small stock chinese elm brooms we have - this was the one little tree in about 500 that caught my eye for taper and nebari

great pot, great little elm and for £30.00 a broom with a potentially good future.

SOLD ALREADY - no surprise on that one!

The 11 month wiring job

September 2012 I managed to acquire on of the pieces of material lurking in the UK that had made me go all starry eyed and a bit drooly - the tree in question was a japanese imported yew - Taxus cuspidatta. It was a weird scenario - when I first tried to buy it I was told it was sold already so it was with regret and a little envy that I put the tree to the back of my mind. Then 2 years later I see the tree while walking into the bonsai nursery originally selling it...........it looked twice the size in real life (don't they always).....and due to goodness knows what circumstances the tree was back for sale again !

An earlier blog post  covered getting the tree home and winching the lower branch up to make a twin trunk tree a possibility - then we left that post with the tree resting and recouping from the major work where the live vein was splintered from the dead wood as the flat back branch was pulled up. This, and a little first wiring took place in Sept 2012.

here is a recap of the tree untouched

Over the weeks following the major bend of the second trunk some wiring was done in the winter and in March 2013 the tree was still fine so it was re-potted to the new front angle with a lot of help and guidance from Peter Warren at one of the workshops we hold in Cornwall. To turn the tree to the new front a lot of root had to be removed from some areas so the tree would go back in the pot so it was kept shaded and misted for many weeks after. The everlasting cold spring finally broke, the sun came out and the older inner needles yellowed and dropped off  but we kept a close eye on the new soft bright green buds as these were the indicator as to what the roots were doing.

Through the summer the tree was fed a lot of imperial fertiliser pellets - an organic feed rather than chemical but with a major difference in that elements in the feed are instantly useable by the trees. By combining the feeding with hard pruning the tree has made new buds all over the branches that dropped the old needles so the remaining wiring was put on hold so the new buds were not knocked off.

That brings us up to date and August Bank Holiday seemed a good opportunity for some bonsai work - on the Sunday I did a club visit and talk for the Exeter Society on Juniper and other conifers so Monday seemed a perfect follow on to finish the initial styling on the yew. Due to the earlier cutting back the wiring was quick and easy to do and after 5 or so hours the first styling is complete - a mere 11 months after the first wire went on !

Now we enter phase II, the developing of the pads and foliage masses that will take another 2 or 3 years of pruning, budding and feeding to see the image that is planned. There are buds on virtually every bare branch now and next spring will see huge growth as the tree is settled and fully recovered from the repotting. Feeding will continue through September and during late October the pot protected from excess rain - this is critical with Taxus as waterlogged soil will freeze into an ice block causing root damage but dry soil does not damage the roots in low temperatures. The black pines get the same treatment too.